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Sex trafficking is a locus of debate between feminists and human rights activists. Some feminists advocate an abolitionist model, arguing that prostitution is tantamount to sexual slavery of women. For instance, the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW) contends that sex trafficking violates the sexual rights of female victims. Groups such as the Global Alliance Against Trafficking in Women (GAATW) and the Network of Sex Work Projects (NSWP) observe that trafficking is forced migrant labor that violates women's human rights. They contend that sex trafficking is exploitative and immoral because it involves commercial sex.

Other feminists feel that intensive anti-trafficking campaigns deprive sex workers of their rights and that many Western feminists use victim discourse to project a patronizing attitude toward non-Western women. To focus on forced prostitution ignores the larger context within which force is used. This also provides a pretext for moralistically inspired campaigns against non-procreative sex. These feminists argue that prostitution is a result of global inequities of capital and labor, where women are robbed of viable options, forcing them into sweatshop labor or lucrative sex work. They argue that the moralistic campaigns against sex trafficking are intended to eradicate all forms of sex work and construe sex workers as sexual victims. This allows campaigners to disregard the issues of economic deprivation, poor nutrition, and low income that can all be considered violence against women.

Some researchers offer examples of women and children who, while reported by news media to be "successfully rescued" from brothels, have in fact escaped the shelters and returned to work in brothels on their own volition. They have refused to be "rescued" from the "captivity" of prostitution into the "freedom" of low-pay employment. Indeed, sex workers' rights movements vehemently challenge the victim script in the trafficking discourse.

Bibliography:

1) Sanghera, Jyoti. 2005. "Unpacking the Trafficking Discourse." Pp. 3-24 in Trafficking and Prostitution Reconsidered: New Perspectives on Migration, Sex Work, and Human Rights, edited by K. Kempadoo, J. Sanhera, and B. Pattanaik. Boulder, CO: Paradigm.

2) Soderlund, Gretchen. 2005. "Running from the Rescuers: New U.S. Crusades against Sex Trafficking and the Rhetoric of Abolition." National Women's Studies Association Journal 17(Fall):64-87.

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