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While Westerns provide a broad set of parameters, subject classification is another way to approach Western literature. Arrangement by topic like the one used in this guide has proven effective. Readers' advisors need to consider all facets of the genre.
Readers who want a quick, undemanding read may choose formula Westerns, while those who want to ponder and reflect at length, who enjoy ambiguity and a challenge to received truths, may well prefer mainstream fiction. The majority of Western stories, written by literary artists for popular consumption, will appeal to people who want a well-written genre book, with heroes and heroines who reflect the best of humankind, a landscape that challenges abilities and courage, and a goal worth working and dying for.
More specifically, however, readers' advisors should first be aware that many Western authors are popular years after their deaths. Readers who want "classic" Westerns or who are new to the genre may enjoy authors with well-established reputations. Western readers are also drawn to the genre because they enjoy the mix of adventure, characterization, and great storytelling. Elmer Kelton, Louis L'Amour, Larry McMurtry, and Richard S. Wheeler fit this mold. Readers for whom the lure of the Western is the adventure story will enjoy action- based novels by Max Brand and L'Amour and series Westerns. They may well be pleased with suggestions for other types of adventure novels, particularly those that are historical or character based.
If descriptions of the land are of primary importance for Western readers, Zane Grey is an outstanding choice. If mood is central to a reader's choice, older Westerns tend to be more optimistic; newer Westerns have a bleaker (some would say more realistic) tone. Readers who prefer gentle reads would probably prefer older Westerns, as well as recent Christian series and some young adult novels. Descriptions of violence and death are usually more detailed in newer works. For readers who like character development, books by Larry McMurtry, Loren Estleman, Cynthia Haseloff, and Richard S. Wheeler are sound choices. Point of view is important to some readers as well; many traditional Westerns have an undeniable Anglo perspective. Newer works sensitive to Native American, Hispanic, and African American perspectives are increasingly available.
Western readers for whom historical detail is important will enjoy Don Coldsmith, Sandra Dallas, Willa Cather, or Will Henry. Sagas are perfect for readers who want to become immersed in books that have multiple characters and span generations and eras. Coldsmith's Spanish Bit sagas, L' Amour's Sackett series, McMurtry's series (including the Lonesome Dove saga, the Berrybender series, and the modern Texas series) also fill the bill.
These readers may also enjoy some of the historical epics by James Michener, the Kent Family Chronicles by John Jakes, the Australians series by William Stewart Long, or the Australian Destiny series, a Christian saga by Sandy Dengler. In contrast, readers who prefer shorter novels and classic action stories should be guided to Max Brand or Elmer Kelton. They may also enjoy short story collections. (Pronzini has edited a number of these.) Readers who prefer mainstream fiction may well enjoy classic novels of the West by Willa Cather, Edna Ferber, and A. B. Guthrie, or work fitting the category published more recently by Sherman Alexie, Sandra Dallas, Louise Erdrich, Barbara Kingsolver, and Larry McMurtry.
Although subject categories (such as those listed in this book) can be helpful, they constitute a vocabulary that may confuse rather than clarify. It may be much easier for readers' advisors to ask readers what they want a book to be about than to articulate other types of appeal or selection factors. But readers' advisors need to think flexibly before they respond and be prepared to accommodate a number of different reader approaches. Subjects often will appear across genres. For instance, readers who enjoy reading Westerns featuring Native Americans may also want to read historical fiction, crime, or romance novels that focus on this group.
References:
1. Barnard, Edward S., ed. Story of the Great American West. Pleasantville, N.Y.: Reader's Digest Association, 1997.
2. Cawelti, John G. Adventure, Mystery, and Romance: Formula Stories as Art and Popular Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.
3. Cawelti, John G. The Six-Gun Mystique Sequel. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1999.
4. Estleman, Loren D. "Introduction: The New Westward Expansion." In American West: Twenty New Stories from the Western Writers of America. New York: Forge, A Tom Doherty Associates Book, 2001.
5. Wister, Owen. The Virginian: A Horseman of the Plains. With a New Afterword by Max Evans. New York: Signet Classic (Penguin Putnam), 2002.
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