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Bali Bombings are three coordinated terrorist attacks against Western targets on the Indonesian tourist island of Bali on 12 October 2002. The attacks were undertaken by Jemaah Islamiyah, an Islamic terrorist group with links to Al Qaeda. The first attack occurred at Paddy's Bar and involved a suicide bomber with a backpack loaded with explosives. The second explosion occurred across the street at the Sari Club, a large nightclub. A van packed with ammonium nitrate, a commercial fertilizer, was detonated by remote control. These two bombings left 202 dead and 209 injured. The majority of the dead were foreign tourists, including 89 Australians, 25 Britons, and 7 Americans. The third attack was against the U.S. consulate in Denpasar. A small bomb exploded outside the consulate. It caused only minor damage and injured one person.

The attacks undermined Indonesia's lucrative tourist trade. Western governments also questioned Jakarta's willingness and ability to suppress Islamic terrorist groups. In response, the government launched a series of investigations and raids against Islamic organizations. In 2003, Amrozi bin Haji Nurhasyim was sentenced to death for buying the van and explosives used in the Sari Club attack. Two other figures were also convicted and given death sentences. Afourth defendant was given life in prison after he publicly expressed regret for his role in the bombings. The radical Islamic cleric leader of Jemaah Islamiyah, Abu Bakar Bashir, was accused of involvement in the attacks. He was sentenced on conspiracy charges to two and a half years in prison in 2005. Twenty-four others were arrested in 2005 for suspected participation in the Bali bombings or a subsequent attack on the Marriott Hotel in Jakarta in 2003 in which 14 people were killed. In 2006, many of those convicted, although none of those sentenced to death, were released in an amnesty by the Indonesian government.

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