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Religion Custom Essays samples
Free English Essays, Online Custom Papers, College Research Papers, Original Custom Term Papers, Custom-Written Essays, Book Reports, College Essays, Case Studies
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|  Fundamentalism in the Arab World |
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| Both in its militant and passive forms, contemporary Islamic fundamentalism possesses three general attributes: pervasiveness, polycentrism, and persistence. It is pervasive since Islamic groups and movements have sprung up in virtually every Muslim community regardless of size or political, economic, and cultural setting. Nor is Islamic revival limited to particular social and economic classes. While much of its grassroots support is based on the lower, lower-middle, and middle classes, there is increasing evidence of widespread emulation of Islamic lifeways among the upper-middle and upper strata. The Islamic rebirth movement is also polycentric since it possesses no single revolutionary leadership or organizational epicenter. To a significant degree, the return to Islamic roots has had a local character as a response to particular crisis conditions existing in various national environments. Yet to the extent that crisis situations in different societies are similar, the Islamic movement could eventually assume a truly transnational character. Finally, Islamic fundamentalism has shown an unusual degree of persistence during the last century and in previous eras, with a cyclical propensity to intrude upon the sociopolitial process to shape its evolution. |
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