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| You Are Here: Home > Essay Topics > Psychology Topics for Essays & Research Papers > Aging and Older Development |
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|  Essay on Theories of Aging: Psychological, Sociological, and Biological |
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| Theories of Aging: Psychological, Sociological, and Biological Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. For more than 40 years, researchers in gerontology have commented on the need for theories of aging. K. Warner Schaie suggested that theories were needed to integrate the large amount of research data that was accumulating across disciplines. Timothy Salthouse has commented that the field of cognitive aging has virtually no theories that can account for a wide range of phenomena. More recently, Vern Bengtson and colleagues have stated that many gerontology researchers have not focused on theory building, and therefore, the development of theories of aging has not progressed as rapidly as the accumulation of data. Despite this lag in theory... |
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| Essay on Theories of Aging: Psychological, Sociological, and Biological » |
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| Essay on Understanding the Process of Aging |
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| Understanding the Process of Aging Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Aging is inevitable. Although the average life expectancy has increased dramatically in recent years, we have yet to discover the proverbial fountain of youth. As such, our body gradually succumbs to the aging process. This process is so powerful that it inundates every aspect of life, from changes in appearance and limited physical mobility to cognitive impairments that may rob us of our very essence. These age-related changes are resultant of both pathological and normal aging processes. Although agerelated diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's can be traced to pathological aberrations, "normal" aging surely contributes to the downward progression of these... |
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| Essay on Understanding the Process of Aging » |
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| Essay on Ageism: Prejudice and Discrimination against Older People |
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| Ageism: Prejudice and Discrimination against Older People Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Robert N. Butler first introduced the term ageism to refer to prejudice and discrimination against older people based on the belief that aging makes people less attractive, intelligent, sexual, and productive. Ageism comprises three distinguishable yet interconnected aspects: (1) prejudicial attitudes toward older adults, old age, and the aging process; (2) discriminatory practices that focus on behaviors against older people; and (3) institutional practices and policies that perpetuate stereotypes about older adults, reduce their opportunity for life satisfaction, and undermine their personal dignity. With medical improvement... |
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| Essay on Ageism: Prejudice and Discrimination against Older People » |
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| Essay on Very Old Age Characteristics |
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| Very Old Age Characteristics Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Because of the growing population of older adults in technologically advanced countries, researchers in a number of disciplines are becoming increasingly more interested in examining differences between older adults and very old adults as well as the transition to very late adulthood. Very old adults (also referred to as the oldest old) are typically defined in the literature as those adults who are 85 years old or older; however, some researchers set the criterion at 75 years old. In general, this population has a higher percentage of women compared with other age groups and is characterized by a high degree of comorbidity (i.e., multiple illnesses or conditions)... |
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| Essay on Very Old Age Characteristics » |
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| Essay on Gerontology - The Study of Aging |
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| Gerontology - The Study of Aging Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. From the time of conception onward, humans are constantly aging, developing, and getting older. Although not a new area of investigation and study, gerontology (operationally defined as the scientific study of the aging process) has until recently taken a back seat to many other areas of scientific investigation. One reason for this is that many individuals do not want to think about aging and getting older, although these processes are inevitable. However, the study of aging and gerontology (as well as geriatrics) has taken center stage within many areas, including biology, psychology, sociology, and education, among others. Questions about how we age, why we age... |
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| Essay on Gerontology - The Study of Aging » |
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| Essay on Wisdom and Age |
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| Wisdom and Age Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. What comes to mind when thinking of wise people? Individuals might think of religious leaders, gurus, priests, medicine men, shamans, and sometimes politicians or therapists. These don't necessarily need to be famous people. On a personal level, someone might think of one's grandfather or grandmother and remember a situation in which their advice shed new light in a situation and was therefore eye opening. What all these people have in common is a certain age. Rarely is wisdom attributed to a young woman or man. It is attributed to people in late adulthood who have had many experiences in life. This is the case in most cultures around the world. On the one hand, wisdom can be a goal... |
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| Essay on Wisdom and Age » |
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| Essay on Widowhood and Widowerhood |
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| Widowhood and Widowerhood Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. The loss of a spouse is typically characterized as one of life's most stressful events, and older adults often state that the loss of a spouse is the defining event of their later years. A wide range of reactions is possible when a person enters into widowhood or widowerhood. Although research has suggested that widowed individuals experience a variety of challenges, it is important to remember that each person's reaction is highly influenced by his or her specific situation. Factors such as length of marriage, age of widow or widower, social and family support, financial resources, type of loss, and many other features make each situation unique. According to the... |
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| Essay on Older Adulthood |
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| Older Adulthood Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. In 2003, 12.4% of the U.S. population was 65 years or older, 14,888,185 were men, and 20,990,487 were women. Understanding the impact of age-related changes on individuals becomes important as more and more live to old age. It is important to differentiate between normal, or primary, aging, and non-normal, or secondary, aging. Primary aging refers to age-related changes that are universal, intrinsic, progressive, and deleterious. Universal changes occur in all people; intrinsic changes are processes that occur exclusively within the person's body; progressive changes are processes that have a gradual and cumulative onset; deleterious changes are negative changes... |
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| Essay on Older Adulthood » |
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| Essay on Aging Population and Generation Gap |
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| Aging Population and Generation Gap Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. The concept of the generation gap is one that has become part of our cultural vernacular. Reputedly coined by renowned anthropologist Margaret Mead, the simplest definition of the concept is the differentiation (or gap) of values, attitudes, or behaviors between members of an older generation and a younger generation. Typically, the concept of the generation gap is used as an explanation of conflict between parents and children within individual families. The concept gained particular notoriety during the 1960s and 1970s, when numerous articles and books commented on the differences between baby boomers and their parents. The gaps between generations can be... |
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| Essay on Aging Population and Generation Gap » |
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| Essay on Aging and Dementia |
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| Aging and Dementia Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Dementia is characterized by the development of multiple cognitive deficits, including memory (deficits in learning new information or in recalling previously learned information) and at least one of the following: language (word retrieval difficulties, defects in understanding complex commands, loss of semantic knowledge), perception (problems in the identification of objects or in the recognition of familiar places), praxis (impairment in the ability to carry out complex movements), and executive functions (inability to plan and organize behavior). Calculation ability defects and conceptual difficulties are also commonly found. These deficits are usually progressive but... |
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| Essay on Aging and Dementia » |
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| Essay on Chronological Age |
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| Chronological Age Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. As we traverse the path from birth to death, chronological age (CA) provides a simple and convenient signpost for all that happens along the way. Birthdays have assumed the form of a personal holiday for almost everyone, marked with pleasure in the earlier stages of life, and often with regret and ill humor in the later years as the life span approaches its end point. This CA end point, however, may be considerably lower than human biological potential. Recent scientific demonstrations of longevity extension in rats through caloric restriction have opened up the future possibility of vastly extended chronological age limits for humans, raising utopian hopes as well as a host... |
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| Essay on Chronological Age » |
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| Essay on The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) |
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| The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) is a major clinical research program in human aging conducted in Baltimore by the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIA, NIH). The events that started the BLSA have become almost a legend in the research field of aging. In 1958, Dr. William W. Peter, an officer of the U.S. Public Health Service, decided to bequeath his body to science. An inquiry to NIH yielded the suggestion that he consult Dr. Nathan Shock, who at that time was leading a group of NIH scientists interested in understanding "the biological factors that produce what we perceive as aging" and "the mechanisms... |
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| Essay on The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) » |
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| Essay on Aging and Assisted Living Facilities (ALFs) |
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| Aging and Assisted Living Facilities (ALFs) Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Assisted living facilities (ALFs) are a relatively new type of housing for older adults, which provide variable levels of care in a dignified and homelike environment. ALFs fulfill the needs of older adults who are not able to live independently in their own homes but do not require the greater care provided in nursing homes. There is considerable variability among ALFs in terms of housing arrangements, services provided, social milieu, and cost. Currently, assisted living is the fastest growing segment of the older adult housing industry. There are about 1 million ALF residents in the United States, and that number is expected to continue rising... |
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| Essay on Aging and Assisted Living Facilities (ALFs) » |
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| Essay on Aging Well |
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| Aging Well Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Most adults want to live long, in good health, and with an overall sense of well being. Aging well describes this goal by promoting positive images and approaches to human aging. Aging well, as opposed to a difficult old age, is the outcome of personal lifestyle choices and behaviors in interaction with supportive physical, social, and cultural environments. Aging well results from exercising the choices that create a successful, healthy, and productive life. It is a dynamic process that involves the individual in interaction with his or her environment, and is affected by historical events of the time and cultural influences. In many ways, aging well is affected by the resiliency... |
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| Essay on Aging Well » |
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| Essay on Aging Parents |
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| Aging Parents Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Throughout our life span, the family is one of the most stable and reliable relationships we experience. Aging parents in America are thriving within the context of their families. Despite the empirical support for this statement, negative stereotypes about older families persist. It is not uncommon to hear about the threats accruing to aging parents as a function of geographic mobility, family breakdown, and social isolation. Concomitantly, older adults may be characterized as "greedy geezers," placing huge burdens on both the family and society. Decades of empirical study, however, reveal a picture of families in which aging parents play a key role. Most of this research has been... |
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| Essay on Aging Parents » |
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| Essay on Age Discrimination |
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| Age Discrimination Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Robert Butler is credited with originating the term ageism in 1968. Ageism involves negative attitudes and discriminatory practices against individuals based on age. Such attitudes and practices often result in age discrimination, specifically against older individuals. Ageism has been evidenced in our media's excessive emphasis on youth, in our medical and mental health fields, and in employment settings. Ageism and age discrimination are based on negative attitudes fueled by stereotypes about older people. These stereotypes contain the following incorrect assumptions: that all aging people are ailing physically and are frail and disabled; that older individuals... |
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| Essay on Age Discrimination » |
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| Essay on Aging and Advance Directives |
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| Aging and Advance Directives Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. Advance directive is the general term used to describe statements given in advance of incapacitating illness regarding how individuals want medical decisions made for them if they become too ill to speak for themselves. Advance directives come in two basic forms. Proxy advance directives (e.g., a durable power of attorney for health care) designate a surrogate decision maker (usually a spouse or other close family member) to make decisions for the patient when he or she is no longer able. Proxy directives convey the legal right to make treatment decisions for an incapacitated individual, but do not necessarily contain any explicit guidance regarding what those decisions... |
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| Essay on Aging and Advance Directives » |
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| Essay on Aging and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) |
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| Aging and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Aging and Older Development. An individual's ability to live independently is often determined by that person's capacity for self-care and ability to engage in various activities of daily living (ADLs). Basic or self-care ADLs include such everyday behaviors as attention to hygiene, bathing, dressing, feeding, and toileting. Complex or instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) include such tasks as cooking and meal preparation, medication administration, financial management, use of communication devices (e.g., telephone), and use of transportation (e.g., driving a vehicle). In older individuals, increasing frailty or declines in cognitive ability are heralded... |
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| Essay on Aging and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) » |
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| Essay on Communication and Aging Population |
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| Communication and Aging Population Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Health. The United States is becoming an increasingly mature country. The Administration on Aging ( 1998) published information, based on data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, that in 1997 people 65 years old or older numbered 34.1 million or 12.7% of the U.S. population. Since 1900, the percentage of Americans over the age of 65 has tripled, while the number of these individuals has grown by a factor of 11. By the time the youngest members of the baby-boom generation reach 65 (in the year 2030), depending on how the estimate is conducted, between 58 and 78 million Americans, representing 19 to 21% of the total population, will be over 65. The present older population is, of course, also getting older... |
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| Essay on Communication and Aging Population » |
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| Essay on Aging and Alzheimer's Disease |
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| Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Health. Alzheimer's is a disease of the brain that causes a gradual but progressive loss of abilities in memory, thinking, reasoning, judgment, orientation, and speech. It causes an inability to recognize and identify objects and carry out motor activities. People with the disease are eventually unable to perform the most basic activities of daily living such as dressing, cooking, and bathing. Alzheimer's Disease is not the result of normal aging, but it does occur more frequently in those 65 years of age or older. Alzheimer's disease is far more serious than the occasional forgetfulness experienced by the elderly. In its early stages, however, the disease may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary forgetfulness. Because the disease affects... |
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| Essay on Aging and Alzheimer's Disease » |
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| Essay on Aging in Society |
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| Aging in Society Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Health. This essay is concerned with the social, cultural, economic, and psychological factors that affect both the process of growing old and the place of older people in society. Research already shows the power of these factors; it shows that aging and the status of the elderly are not inevitably fixed but are subject to social modification and change. But more research is needed on how these factors operate. In order to enhance the quality of life for older people and to contain the personal and social costs of health care and dependency, more knowledge is required to strengthen the scientific basis for professional practice and public policy. Bit by bit, the necessary science base -- a mosaic of knowledge -- is being established... |
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| Essay on Aging in Society » |
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