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| You Are Here: Home > Essay Topics > Psychology Topics for Essays & Research Papers > Specific Phobias |
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|  Essay on Future of Specific Phobias |
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| Future of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. While specific phobias are common in the general population, they are relatively rarely encountered in clinical settings. One way of interpreting this discrepancy is to assume that specific phobias represent a minor form of psychopathology, because most sufferers can apparently live without seeking help for it. The other interpretation is that people with specific phobias may feel embarrassed to seek help or that there are other impediments to their treatment. Regardless of the interpretation, there is... |
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| Essay on Future of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Psychological Treatments for Specific Phobias |
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| Psychological Treatments for Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Although exposure therapy is quite efficacious in the treatment of specific phobias (with response rates of up to 80%--90%), some patients find it too demanding, fail to maintain motivation for treatment, and/or are unable to complete the course of therapy. It is estimated that as many as 25%--50% of patients drop out of behavioral treatment of specific phobias. For patients who fail behavior therapy or are not sufficiently motivated for it, exploring other treatment options is worthwhile... |
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| Essay on Psychological Treatments for Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Exposure Therapy for Specific Phobias |
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| Exposure Therapy for Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Exposure-based treatment has been modified for certain types of specific phobias. For example, in blood-injection-injury phobia, patients often fear fainting during exposure as much as they fear the actual phobic stimulus. To minimize the possibility of fainting during exposure, ''applied tension'' has been used: it requires patients to induce muscle tension during exposure because fainting is incompatible with the physiological correlates of tension. If the main underlying emotion is disgust... |
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| Essay on Exposure Therapy for Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Exposure-Based Treatments of Specific Phobias |
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| Exposure-Based Treatments of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. The type of exposure therapy used most commonly in the treatment of specific phobias is gradual exposure in vivo. Imaginal exposure sometimes precedes exposure in vivo or is conducted at the same time as exposure in vivo. Progressive muscle relaxation is usually not used during exposure in vivo, unless patients develop severe physical symptoms. Patients are exposed to various components of phobic stimuli in the gradual, hierarchy-based sequence. For example, patients with a dog phobia... |
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| Essay on Exposure-Based Treatments of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on The Treatments of Specific Phobias |
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| The Treatments of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. It is practically impossible to treat specific phobias without some form of exposure. This is why behavior therapy has such an important role in treatment. Even Freud considered exposure necessary in the treatment of phobias, but exposure therapy has never been integrated with psychoanalysis or psychodynamic therapy. The treatment of specific phobias to some extent depends on the type of phobia. It relies very much on patients' motivation, as patients may be more tempted than those with other... |
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| Essay on The Treatments of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Nonassociative Theory of Specific Phobias |
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| Nonassociative Theory of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Although this theory has emerged from psychological studies of etiological factors in specific phobias, it implicitly suggests some biological mechanism in the causation of certain types of specific phobias. The theory proposes that these phobias are not learned but are inborn and its central tenet is that at least some phobias are not acquired through associative learning. That is, for a phobia to occur, it is not necessary that the association be made between the initially neutral stimulus... |
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| Essay on Nonassociative Theory of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Course and Prognosis of Specific Phobias |
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| Course and Prognosis of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. The course of specific phobias ranges from spontaneous remission to chronicity. Some children with specific phobias seem to grow out of their phobia and experience remission without any treatment. In fact, many children with specific phobias develop no psychopathology in adulthood. On the other hand, the condition seems to be characterized by remarkable longitudinal stability, as adults with specific phobias usually have histories of specific phobias in childhood. Indeed, it has been... |
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| Essay on Course and Prognosis of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Epidemiology of Specific Phobias |
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| Epidemiology of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Community surveys suggest that specific phobias are among the most common psychiatric disorders. The lifetime prevalence figures for specific phobias in the United States have shown only minor fluctuations over the years. In the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study, based on the DSM-III diagnostic criteria, lifetime prevalence was reported to be 11.2% or 12.5%. In the National Comorbidity Survey, which used the DSM-III-R criteria, the lifetime prevalence rate of specific phobias was 11.3%, and... |
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| Essay on Epidemiology of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on A Diagnosis of Specific Phobia |
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| A Diagnosis of Specific Phobia Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. A diagnosis of specific phobia is made on the basis of the criteria used for diagnosing phobic disorders in general. The most difficult diagnostic criterion is the one pertaining to the impairment in functioning (or interference with functioning) as a result of a phobia. This criterion also marks the boundary between normal fears and specific phobia as a psychiatric disorder. For example, while the fear of flying is common and cannot by itself be considered an illness, refusal of an attractive... |
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| Essay on A Diagnosis of Specific Phobia » |
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| Essay on Specific Phobias and Agoraphobia Relationship |
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| Specific Phobias and Agoraphobia Relationship Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. An important relationship exists between claustrophobia and agoraphobia. The situations feared and avoided by patients with claustrophobia and agoraphobia (e.g., elevators, tunnels, planes, other enclosed places) are often very similar and pertain to confinement. Patients may mention a similar reason for avoidance-fear of certain physical symptoms or panic attack occurring in the phobic situations. Both claustrophobia and agoraphobia are more common in women and have an onset... |
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| Essay on Specific Phobias and Agoraphobia Relationship » |
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| Essay on Specific Phobias and Other Disorders |
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| Specific Phobias and Other Disorders Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. The overall relationship between specific phobias and other psychiatric disorders is not clear. Clinical impression suggests that specific phobias are relatively ''isolated'' from other psychopathology and that in this regard, they are different from most other anxiety disorders. Epidemiological studies contradict this clinical impression, as they report that specific phobias co-occur frequently with other anxiety disorders and also, with mood, personality, and substance use disorder. The most common... |
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| Essay on Specific Phobias and Other Disorders » |
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| Essay on Types of Specific Phobias |
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| Types of Specific Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Phobia of Choking. This type of phobia is less common and is characterized by the fear of swallowing. The fear is usually a result of the belief that swallowing food or drinking fluids may lead to choking and it typically follows accidental choking on food. In the most severe cases, patients may appear malnourished or become dehydrated because they do not have an adequate intake of food or fluids. In less severe and more typical cases, patients have trouble swallowing large pills, are extremely... |
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| Essay on Types of Specific Phobias » |
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| Essay on Situational Phobias |
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| Situational Phobias Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Situational Phobias denote a fear of certain situations. Most common forms of situational phobias are claustrophobia, fear of flying, and phobia of driving. This subtype generally has a later onset than others. There is some disagreement as to what the main underlying concern or problem is for patients with situational phobias; some suggest that it is the fear of physical symptoms and panic-like sensations, while others report that the main issue for these patients is an expectation of danger in the situations... |
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| Essay on Situational Phobias » |
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| Essay on Phobia of Blood, Injection, and Injury |
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| Phobia of Blood, Injection, and Injury Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. This is a unique type of specific phobia. Unlike all other phobias, it is characterized by a path physiological reaction to the phobic stimulus which has two phases: after initial and short-lasting tachycardia, there is a parasympathetic activation and vasovagal response, with bradycardia and hypotension, which very often-in more that 75% of cases-leads to fainting (vasovagal syncope). Many patients feel embarrassed about fainting and sometimes resort to extensive avoidance because of that... |
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| Essay on Phobia of Blood, Injection, and Injury » |
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| Essay on Phobias of Animals and the Natural Environment |
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| Phobias of Animals and the Natural Environment Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. While the reason for fearing certain animals lies in their dangerousness (e.g., sharks, lions, crocodiles), many dangerous animals are not objects of an animal phobia. This is because most people afraid of these animals are not impaired by such fear (e.g., they simply avoid places where they might encounter dangerous animals). Indeed, patients with animal phobia are usually afraid of animals such as snakes, dogs, cats, spiders and other insects, rats, and mice. Only a minority... |
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| Essay on Phobias of Animals and the Natural Environment » |
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| Essay on Specific Phobias (Simple Phobias and Isolated Phobias) |
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| Specific Phobias (Simple Phobias and Isolated Phobias) Research Paper, Custom Essays and Term Papers Writing on Psychology. Specific phobias (also referred to as simple phobias and isolated phobias) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by excessive and/or irrational fear of one of relatively few and usually related objects, situations, places, phenomena, or activities (phobic stimuli). The phobic stimuli are either avoided or endured with intense anxiety or discomfort. People with specific phobias are aware that their fear is unreasonable, but this does not diminish the... |
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| Essay on Specific Phobias (Simple Phobias and Isolated Phobias) » |
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